Fresh Vacancies at The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)

Job Number: 503175
Work Type: Consultancy

Purpose of the Assignment

• Nigeria has the second highest global burden of HIV. 10% of the global population of adolescents living with HIV live in Nigeria. The planned outcome for the UNICEF Nigeria Children and AIDS section for the 2014-2017 program cycle is "By 2017, MTCT is eliminated; HIV transmission is reduced among especially vulnerable women, children and adolescents; and women, children and adolescents living HIV receive treatment, care and support". Within this result, the specific output for adolescents is that "By 2017 partners in Nigeria have increased commitment and strengthened systems for scaled-up delivery of HIV combination prevention, treatment and care services for adolescents".
• The operationalization of this output has been aligned to the four work streams of the "ALL IN" initiative namely:
  • Changing social context by working with adolescents as agents of change
  • Sharpening adolescent components of national programs
  • Promoting innovation and approaches for scale-up
  • Advocacy, communication and resource mobilization
• To achieve its planned results for adolescent and in alignment with the ALL IN initiative, UNICEF has prioritized actions in 6+1 high burden states where a lot of systems strengthening work and advocacy to leverage resources is going on.
• Two states (Benue and Kaduna states) were further prioritized as flagship demonstration states. Thus, intensive programming took place in Kaduna and Benue states between 2014 and 2016 through an 18 month intervention to pilot an approach for comprehensive HIV service delivery for adolescents and young people.
• This intervention built in capacity strengthening of the adolescent HIV service delivery systems, partnerships, community mobilization and advocacy at state and LGA levels to achieve results.
• The intervention created demand for services, provided HIV Testing services and referral for prevention, treatment and care.
• Two LGA areas of each of the states were selected for saturation of demand creation, testing and referral for treatment and prevention services. At the end of the 18 month period about 75% of adolescents and young people in the LGAs had been reached with demand creation and testing services, communities have been mobilized, service providers have strengthened capacity.
• To assess the outputs and further scale up the intervention described above, a review of the intervention was done using the "All In" assessment tools in the 2 states.
• The process included a rapid assessment, an in-depth analysis of selected interventions to identify bottlenecks and an analysis of the bottle necks to proffer solutions and a development of plans to remove the bottle necks. 17 LGA work plans were developed through this process.
• The work in Nigeria has gained global attention within UNICEF and attracted additional funding. 1.7 million dollars has been allocated to intensify Adolescent HIV programming in Nigeria with the aim of helping to identify and place 90% of the 200,000 ALHIV in Nigeria, ensure 90% of those identified are placed on treatment and 90% of those on treatment achieve viral suppression (UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets).
• The funds shall be utilized for four key intervention areas. One of the four intervention areas is "Intensifying Adolescent programming in Benue and Kaduna states".

Specific activities required to successfully roll out this intervention area include:

• Implementation of the "All In" plans in 18 LGAs identified by the "All In" assessment in Benue and Kaduna states.
• Intensive programming, engaging government, communities and young people.
• Creating evidence (profiling positive ALHIV, contact tracing, pregnant adolescents, integration for youth friendly services, determinants of uptake of services, adherence, transition etc)
• Documentation, innovation (mHealth for increasing HCT, adherence of ART).
• Evidence generation and dissemination of lessons learnt to inform a learning collaborative to influence UNICEFs advocacy and convening for taking to scale, removing law barriers ( eg age of consent).
• An operations research consultant is required to ensure evidence generation and analytic report writing of the intervention in the 2 states.

The Purpose of the Task

• The whole intervention as outlined above shall benefit from detailed documentation at each level working with service providers, stakeholders and state/LGA level consultants.
• The operations research consultant shall be responsible for the overall design, coordination and reporting of all operation research activities in the two states ensuring harmony and comparability of reports in the two states.
• The consultant shall develop an operations research framework for the two states. S/He shall work with UNICEF colleagues to agree on the research questions that will feed into the framework.
• Following this /He shall develop the operations research framework, protocols and plan.
• The consultant shall work with the state consultants to obtain relevant information and data required for the various pieces of research documentation.
• The reports shall be of high technical quality, standard statistical methodology and analytic frameworks shall be utilized. The outputs and deliverables shall be abstracts, technical briefs, fact sheets, journal papers etc.
• The consultant shall also support the preparation and facilitation of a learning collaborative for the dissemination of the lessons learnt from the interventions above; and other operations research activities that might emerge during the time frame of this intervention.

Assignment Tasks

• Review of project documents, meeting with relevant UNICEF staff to understand project.
• Articulate key research questions.
• Development of an operations research framework and protocols for each research question.
• Obtain ethical approval where necessary.
• Development of a detailed work plan for data collection for each research question.
• Development of report template for each research question.
• Three day Inception meeting with relevant members of the state team to share operations research plan and framework, allocate roles and responsibilities to support data collation and reporting.
• Work with state consultants and other team members to identify indicators and contribute to the design LGA and state dash boards.
• Develop monthly reporting template to UNICEF.
• Conduct 5 day monthly visits to collate for documentation.
• Submit monthly reports using agreed template.
• Develop 2 progress reports (fact sheets, human interest stories abstracts, journals, dash boards).
• Develop final reports (full project report, abstracts, and PowerPoint presentations.
• Every other documentation requirement as the need arises.
• Support development of agenda and presentations for learning collaborative.
• Support the facilitation and technical management of the learning collaborative.

Expected Deliverables:

• Operations research plan/framework
• Research protocols and ethical approvals where necessary
• Detailed Work plan for data collection
• Report of inception meeting with state stakeholders
• Design of Dash board showing indicators, definition of indicators and mechanisms for updating.
• Monthly reporting template
• Report of monthly visits
• 2 progress reports (with various components as on operations research plan)
• I final report (with various components as on operations research plan)
• Agenda and presentations for learning collaborative
• Technical and other formats of Reports of learning collaborative (as on documentation plan)

Qualifications of Successful Candidate
Education:

• Advance University Degree (at least a Masters level) in Public Health, Medical Sciences, Development areas or related field
• High level technical knowledge of international and national advances in HIV response, with special focus on adolescents and young people

Experience:

• 5 years or more experience in conducting high quality research and writing high quality reports
• Conversant with qualitative and quantitative research methodologies, use of statistical packages and applications for analysis.
• Excellent computer skills
• Proven ability to work with and coordinate a multi-sectoral team
• Self-driven and able to work alone, under tight schedules and to meet tight deadlines
• Experience in planning and managing technical meetings and conferences
• Presentation of accepted abstracts in international conferences, journal publications in international journals, experience in the use of social media platform analytics shall be an added advantage

Competencies of Successful Candidate:

• Analyzing - Analyzes numerical data and all other sources of information, to break them into component parts, patterns and relationships; probes for further information or greater understanding of a problem; makes rational judgments from the available information and analysis; demonstrates an understanding of how one issue may be a part of a much larger system
• Communication- Speaks fluently English; presents information with skill and confidence; projects credibility; structures information to meet the needs and understanding of the intended audience; presents information in a well-structured and logical way.
• Relating and networking - Easily establishes good relationships with external partners and staff; builds wide and effective networks; relates well to people at all levels.
• Drive for results - Sets high standards for quality of work; independently monitors and maintains quality of work; works in a systematic, methodical and orderly way; consistently achieves project goals; focuses on the needs and satisfaction of internal and external partners; accepts and tackles demanding goals with enthusiasm.
• Formulating strategies and concepts - Works strategically to realize goals; sets and develops strategies;
• Deciding and initiating action - Takes responsibility for actions, projects and people: takes initiative and works under own direction; initiates and generates activities and introduces changes into work processes; makes quick, clear decisions.

go to method of application »

Job Number: 503170
Work Type: Consultancy

Purpose of the Assignment

• Nigeria has the second highest global burden of HIV. 10% of the global population of adolescents living with HIV live in Nigeria. The planned outcome for the UNICEF Nigeria Children and AIDS section for the 2014-2017 program cycle is "By 2017, MTCT is eliminated; HIV transmission is reduced among especially vulnerable women, children and adolescents; and women, children and adolescents living HIV receive treatment, care and support". Within this result, the specific output for adolescents is that "By 2017 partners in Nigeria have increased commitment and strengthened systems for scaled-up delivery of HIV combination prevention, treatment and care services for adolescents".
• The operationalization of this output has been aligned to the four work streams of the "ALL IN" initiative namely:
  • Changing social context by working with adolescents as agents of change
  • Sharpening adolescent components of national programs
  • Promoting innovation and approaches for scale-up
  • Advocacy, communication and resource mobilization
• To achieve its planned results for adolescent and in alignment with the ALL IN initiative, UNICEF has prioritized actions in 6+1 high burden states where a lot of systems strengthening work and advocacy to leverage resources is going on.
• Two states (Benue and Kaduna states) were further prioritized as flagship demonstration states. Thus, intensive programming took place in Kaduna and Benue states between 2014 and 2016 through an 18 month intervention to pilot an approach for comprehensive HIV service delivery for adolescents and young people.
• This intervention built in capacity strengthening of the adolescent HIV service delivery systems, partnerships, community mobilization and advocacy at state and LGA levels to achieve results.
• The intervention created demand for services, provided HIV Testing services and referral for prevention, treatment and care.
• Two LGA areas of each of the states were selected for saturation of demand creation, testing and referral for treatment and prevention services. At the end of the 18 month period about 75% of adolescents and young people in the LGAs had been reached with demand creation and testing services, communities have been mobilized, service providers have strengthened capacity.
• To assess the outputs and further scale up the intervention described above, a review of the intervention was done using the "All In" assessment tools in the 2 states.
• The process included a rapid assessment, an in-depth analysis of selected interventions to identify bottlenecks and an analysis of the bottle necks to proffer solutions and a development of plans to remove the bottle necks. 17 LGA work plans were developed through this process.
• The work in Nigeria has gained global attention within UNICEF and attracted additional funding. 1.7 million dollars has been allocated to intensify Adolescent HIV programming in Nigeria with the aim of helping to identify and place 90% of the 200,000 ALHIV in Nigeria, ensure 90% of those identified are placed on treatment and 90% of those on treatment achieve viral suppression (UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets).
• The funds shall be utilized for four key intervention areas. One of the four intervention areas is "Intensifying Adolescent programming in Benue and Kaduna states".

Specific activities required to successfully roll out this intervention area include:

• Implementation of the "All In" plans in 18 LGAs identified by the "All In" assessment in Benue and Kaduna states.
• Intensive programming, engaging government, communities and young people.
• Creating evidence (profiling positive ALHIV, contact tracing, pregnant adolescents, integration for youth friendly services, determinants of uptake of services, adherence, transition etc)
• Documentation, innovation (mHealth for increasing HCT, adherence of ART).
• Evidence generation and dissemination of lessons learnt to inform a learning collaborative to influence UNICEFs advocacy and convening for taking to scale, removing law barriers ( eg age of consent).
• An operations research consultant is required to ensure evidence generation and analytic report writing of the intervention in the 2 states.

The Purpose of the Task

• The whole intervention as outlined above shall benefit from detailed documentation at each level working with service providers, stakeholders and state/LGA level consultants.
• The documentation consultant shall be responsible for the overall design, coordination and implementation of all documentation activities in the two states ensuring harmony and comparability of reports in the two states.
• The consultant shall develop a documentation framework, templates and work plan for the two states and work with the various stakeholders through the state consultants to receive all the relevant information and data required for the various pieces of documentation.
• The documentation utilize various innovative formats, and shall be designed for various audiences (policy makers, young people, community, program managers etc) and purposes (resource mobilization, advocacy, abstracts for conferences, journals etc).
• The documentation consultant shall also support the preparation and facilitation of a learning collaborative for the dissemination of the lessons learnt from the interventions above; and other documentation activities that might emerge during the time frame of this intervention.

Assignment Tasks

• Review of project documents, meeting with relevant UNICEF staff to understand project
• Development of documentation plan/framework and templates for various deliverables
• Development of a work plan for documentation the various pieces of the intervention
• 3 day Inception meeting with relevant members of the state team to share documentation plan and framework, allocate roles and responsibilities to support data collation and reporting
• Work with state consultants and other team members to identify indicators and design LGA and state dash boards
• Develop monthly reporting template
• Conduct 5 day monthly visits to collate for documentation
• Develop 2 progress reports (dash boards, fact sheets, human interest stories)
• Develop final reports (full project report, abstracts, PowerPoint presentations
• Every other documentation requirement as the need arises
• Support development of agenda and presentations for learning collaborative
• Support the facilitation and technical management of the learning collaborative

Expected Deliverables:

• Documentation plan/framework and templates
• Detailed Work plan
• Report of inception meeting with state stakeholders
• Design of Dash board showing indicators, definition of indicators and mechanisms for updating.
• Monthly reporting template
• Report of monthly visits
• Two progress reports (with various components as on documentation plan)
• One final report (with various components as on documentation plan)
• Agenda and presentations for learning collaborative
• Technical and other formats of Reports of learning collaborative (as on documentation plan)

Qualifications of Successful Candidate
Education:

• Advance University Degree (at least a Masters level) in public health, medical sciences, development areas or related field

Experience:

• Five years or more experience in writing high quality reports, presentations using innovative templates and formats - using current software applications and information technology

Competencies of Successful Candidate:

• Communication- Speaks fluently English; presents information with skill and confidence; projects credibility; structures information to meet the needs and understanding of the intended audience; presents information in a well-structured and logical way.
• Relating and networking - Easily establishes good relationships with external partners and staff; builds wide and effective networks; relates well to people at all levels.
• Drive for results - Sets high standards for quality of work; independently monitors and maintains quality of work; works in a systematic, methodical and orderly way; consistently achieves project goals; focuses on the needs and satisfaction of internal and external partners; accepts and tackles demanding goals with enthusiasm.
• Formulating strategies and concepts - Works strategically to realize goals; sets and develops strategies;
• Deciding and initiating action - Takes responsibility for actions, projects and people: takes initiative and works under own direction; initiates and generates activities and introduces changes into work processes; makes quick, clear decisions.

go to method of application »

Job Number: 503174
Work Type : Consultancy

Purpose of the Assignment

• The work in Nigeria has gained global attention within UNICEF and attracted additional funding. 1.7 million dollars has been allocated to intensify Adolescent HIV programming in Nigeria with the aim of helping to identify and place 90% of the 200,000 ALHIV in Nigeria, ensure 90% of those identified are placed on treatment and 90% of those on treatment achieve viral suppression (UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets).
• The funds shall be utilized for four key intervention areas. One of the four areas is "Intensifying Adolescent programming in Benue and Kaduna states".

Specific required activities required to successfully rollout this intervention area include:

• Implementation of the "All In" plans in the 18 LGAs identified by the "All In" assessment in Benue and Kaduna states
• Intensive programming, engaging government, communities, young people
• Creating evidence (profiling positive ALHIV, contact tracing, pregnant adolescents, integration for youth friendly services, determinants of uptake of services, adherence, transition etc)
• Documentation, innovation (mHealth for increasing HCT, adherence of ART).
• Evidence generation and dissemination of lessons learnt to inform a learning collaborative to influence UNICEFs advocacy and convening for taking to scale, removing law barriers (eg age of consent).
• A State lead consultant is required to ensure a timely implementation of all planned activities and reporting of activities in the 2 states.

The Purpose of the Assignment

• The Lead consultant shall be responsible for providing overall technical support and coordination of the project in the state, and provide direct support for implementation in 3-5 LGAs. (S) He will support and supervise the LGA consultant for implementation of the AYP interventions in the remaining LGAs in their state of assignment. The lead consultant shall ensure data collection and reporting to UNICEF on monthly and quarterly basis, organize feedback to relevant stake holders and also liaise with the research and documentation consultants for high quality documentation and research activities.
• The consultant will work closely with, and support government partners to ensure transparency and program accountability, and facilitate knowledge transfer to government partners and community members in all the LGAs

Assignment Tasks

• Support SACA in coordinating and monitoring the implementation of the LGA AYP plans;
  • Provide technical assistance to SACA to develop a AYP plan implementation monitoring plan
  • Support the strengthening of the State and LGA coordination mechanism
  • Participate as an ad hoc member of the Prevention TWG and AYP Subcommittee
• Work with the LGA consultant to support the LGA coordination and implementation of the LGA AYP plans;
  • Shall be directly responsible for the LGA implementation in 3-5 LGAs
  • Work with the LGA consultant to provide technical assistance to the LGAs for the development of and implementation of monthly activities from the respective LGA plans
  • Support facilitation of monthly LGA team review meetings
  • Provide technical support/supervision of the LGA Team regarding all aspects of adolescent HIV interventions in the assigned LGA
  • Undertake supervisory field visits to LGA and communities to assess progress, identify problems and propose remedial or alternative strategies or courses of actions to accelerate/improve quality of adolescent HIV intervention s in the assigned LGAs in collaboration with the LGA consultant.
• Provide supervision and support to the LGA consultant for AYP disaggregated data generation and use at state and LGA levels:
  • Work with the LGA consultant to support LGA M&E Officers to ensure timely data collection (monthly and quarterly) from Service Delivery Points (SDPs), and collation at ward and LGAs, and ensure transmission to state
  • Facilitate standardized 2-way feedback mechanism with SDPs and LGA & LGA and State
• Provide technical support to the review of the LGA plan:
  • Support biannual LGA Plan review meeting;
  • Support quarterly LGA feedback and advocacy meeting;
• Provide Technical support to the LGA consultant for the facilitation of community engagement and empowerment for sustainability;
  • Engage and work with new and existing community structures at all levels for increased community participation and ownership of AYP interventions and strengthen partnerships with key allies including Implementing partners, NGOs, CBOs, faith-based organizations, women and youth groups for effective use of networks to promote programme ownership and sustainability
  • Identify and advice the LGA and state on opportunities for further integration of AYP HIV services in to PHCUOR, SOML Initiative and other MCH platforms
  • Support LGA demand creation activities
• Facilitate, in coordination with UNICEF Field Office, the effective use of UNICEF funds for the intervention at the State and LGA levels.
• Submit monthly and quarterly progress reports aligned to time frames for documentation and Research consultants to UNICEF
• Any other duties required for the successful completion of the project as assigned by Supervisors or authority of UNICEF Field Office.

Expected Deliverables:

• Documentation plan/framework and templates
• Detailed Work plan
• Report of inception meeting with state stakeholders
• Monthly and quarterly reports (including data, dash board updates, inputs for documentation and research consults as on research and documentation plans)
• One final report (with various components as on documentation plan)

Qualifications of Successful Candidate
Education:

• Advanced University Degree in Public Health, Medical Sciences, Development areas or related field.

Years of relevant experience:

• Five years or more experience in HIV and AIDS, gender, social protection or health programming, with proven record of working with adolescents and young people

Competencies of Successful Candidate:

• Communication- Speaks English fluently; presents information with skill and confidence; projects credibility; structures information to meet the needs and understanding of the intended audience; presents information in a well-structured and logical way. Fluency in local language is an added advantage
• Relating and networking - Easily establishes good relationships with external partners and staff; builds wide and effective networks; relates well to people at all levels.
• Drive for results - Sets high standards for quality of work; independently monitors and maintains quality of work; works in a systematic, methodical and orderly way; consistently achieves project goals; focuses on the needs and satisfaction of internal and external partners; accepts and tackles demanding goals with enthusiasm.
• Deciding and initiating action - Takes responsibility for actions, projects and people: takes initiative and works under own direction; initiates and generates activities and introduces changes into work processes; makes quick, clear decisions.

go to method of application »

Job Number: 503172
Work Type : Consultancy

Purpose of the Assignment

• The work in Nigeria has gained global attention within UNICEF and attracted additional funding. 1.7 million dollars has been allocated to intensify Adolescent HIV programming in Nigeria with the aim of helping to identify and place 90% of the 200,000 ALHIV in Nigeria, ensure 90% of those identified are placed on treatment and 90% of those on treatment achieve viral suppression (UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets).
• The funds shall be utilized for four key intervention areas. One of the four areas is "Intensifying Adolescent programming in Benue and Kaduna states".

Specific required activities required to successfully rollout this intervention area include:

• Implementation of the "All In" plans in the 18 LGAs identified by the "All In" assessment in Benue and Kaduna states
• Intensive programming, engaging government, communities, young people
• Creating evidence (profiling positive ALHIV, contact tracing, pregnant adolescents, integration for youth friendly services, determinants of uptake of services, adherence, transition etc)
• Documentation, innovation (mHealth for increasing HCT, adherence of ART).
• Evidence generation and dissemination of lessons learnt to inform a learning collaborative to influence UNICEFs advocacy and convening for taking to scale, removing law barriers (eg age of consent).
• A LGA level consultant is required to ensure a timely implementation, monitoring and coordination and reporting of all planned activities in the 3-4 LGAs in each of the 2 states (Kaduna and Benue).

The Purpose of the Assignment

• The LGA consultant shall be responsible for providing day to day technical support for direct implementation, coordination of partners in 3-4 LGAs. (S) He will ensure high quality and timely implementation of monthly work plans; collation and validation of data, identify and address challenges with the support of the State consultant.
• The LGA consultant shall report to the state consultant and contribute to the LGA, documentation and research consultants monthly and quarterly reporting to UNICEF as required.
• S/He shall be the direct focal person with facilities, LACA, youth groups and communities; and shall be responsible for the planning and preparation of community entry and training activities.

Assignment Tasks

• Support LACA and other LGA partners in coordinating and monitoring the implementation of the LGA AYP plans:
• Contribute to the development of the LGA AYP implementation monitoring plan under the supervision of the State consultant
• Support the strengthening of the LGA coordination mechanism
• Participate as an ad hoc member of the Prevention TWG and AYP Subcommittee

Under the supervision of the State consultant support the LGA coordination and implementation of the LGA AYP plans:

• Shall be directly responsible for the LGA implementation in 3-5 LGAs
• Under the supervision of the state consultant provide technical assistance to the LGAs for the development of and implementation of monthly activities from the respective LGA plans
• Support facilitation of monthly LGA team review meetings
• Provide technical support/supervision of the LGA Team regarding all aspects of adolescent HIV interventions in the assigned LGAs
• Undertake supervisory field visits to LGA and communities to assess progress, identify problems and propose remedial or alternative strategies or courses of actions to accelerate/improve quality of adolescent HIV interventions in the assigned LGAs under the supervision of the state consultant.

Under the guidance/supervision of the state consultant facilitate AYP disaggregated data generation and use at LGA levels:

• Support LGA M&E Officers to ensure timely data collection (monthly and quarterly) from Service Delivery Points (SDPs), and collation at ward and LGAs, and ensure transmission to state
• Facilitate standardized 2-way feedback mechanism with SDPs and LGA.

Under the guidance of the state consultant facilitate the review of the LGA plan:

• Facilitate biannual LGA Plan review meeting;
• Facilitate quarterly LGA feedback and advocacy meeting;

Under the guidance of the state LGA consultant facilitate community engagements and empowerment for sustainability:

• Engage and work with new and existing community structures at all levels for increased community participation and ownership of AYP interventions and strengthen partnerships with key allies including Implementing partners, NGOs, CBOs, faith-based organizations, women and youth groups for effective use of networks to promote programme ownership and sustainability
• Identify and advice the LGA on opportunities for further integration of AYP HIV services in to PHCUOR, SOML Initiative and other MCH platforms

Facilitate LGA demand creation activities:

• Submit routine reports to the state consultant on the effective utilization of UNICEF funds as in planned LGA budgets.
• Submit monthly and quarterly progress reports to state consultant using agreed templates
• Contribute to documentation and research consultants reporting as required
• Any other duties required for the successful completion of the project as assigned by Supervisors or authority of UNICEF Field Office

Expected Deliverables

• Detailed LGA Work plans
• LGA implementation plan/framework and templates for various deliverables
• Report of LGA/community entry meetings
• Inputs for monthly and quarterly reports (including data, dash board updates, inputs for documentation and research consults as on research and documentation plans)
• Inputs for final report (with various components as on documentation plan).

Qualifications of Successful Candidate
Education:

• Basic University degree in public health, medical sciences, development areas or related field.

Years of Relevant Experience:

• Two years or more experience in HIV and AIDS, gender, social protection or health programming, with proven record of working with adolescents and young people

Competencies of Successful Candidate

• Communication- Speaks English fluently; presents information with skill and confidence; projects credibility; structures information to meet the needs and understanding of the intended audience; presents information in a well-structured and logical way. Fluency in local language is an added advantage
• Relating and networking - Easily establishes good relationships with external partners and staff; builds wide and effective networks; relates well to people at all levels.
• Drive for results - Sets high standards for quality of work; independently monitors and maintains quality of work; works in a systematic, methodical and orderly way; consistently achieves project goals; focuses on the needs and satisfaction of internal and external partners; accepts and tackles demanding goals with enthusiasm.
• Deciding and initiating action - Takes responsibility for actions, projects and people: takes initiative and works under own direction; initiates and generates activities and introduces changes into work processes; makes quick, clear decisions.